Ok, looks like I have something else to learn about. I downloaded this book thinking I'd validate something that I wouldn't normally read. I extracted it and opened it in Word. It is full of what looks like some kind of control strings or something. It has lots of \par, \fs, \page and other strings. It says it is an RTF but I've never seen this kind of thing in an RTf before. Does anyone else know what this is and how to handle it? It is released back onto the validation list if anyone wants to look at it. Thanks. Dan Beaver IBM Global Services Lexington outside: 1-859-243-3411 tie-line: 8-545-3411